WWRC 92-03
Trace Detection of Ionic Species with Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy
Abstract
This article describes the development of an optical fiber sensor for monitoring groundwater
contamination using Raman spectroscopy. Also provided is a brief discussion of the
fundamentals of resonance and surface enhancement of the Raman signals. The first
stage of sensor development was the fabrication of stable, sensitive fiber-optic probes
with surface enhanced Raman substrates attached. The next stage, a feasibility test,
showed that Raman is sensitive enough to detect trace concentrations of metal ions
in water. Next, anchoring the indicator compounds to the substrate was carried out
using derivatization with disulfide linkages. The final stage was the development of
surface-localized pH probes to help modify surface pH, and thereby, fine-tune the
selectivity of the metal ion indicators.
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